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Climatology

Climatology encompasses the study of climate as well as its action on human health and the different socio-economic sectors.

Besides, the climate has an intrinsic variability which is of natural origin. However, during the last century, human activity has considerably altered the chemical composition of our atmosphere, with the direct consequent amplification of the greenhouse effect. The study of the resulting climatic changes is a new activity in climatology.

For this purpose, the NIM has climatologic observations dating from the beginning of the 20th century. These data are collected and validated. Then, they are processed and stored. Thus, data dating from 1950 are put on magnetic media. They are organized in a Climate Data Bank, managed by an information system that includes software and analysis tools. These provisions facilitate the use of climatological data by internal users and users outside the NIM. Furthermore, the use of the Data Bank makes it possible to respond to the various users’ enquiries within optimal time.

The analysis of the main climatological elements (temperature, precipitation, humidity, evaporation and others) has allowed us to identify the key characteristic features of the climate of our country. Other investigations with respect to the study of Tunisian climate trend, during the last century, are in progress.

Applied meteorology

Applied meteorology is the use of meteorological data for the purpose of developing products (bulletins and specific studies) which are useful for the different fields of economic activity, including agriculture and hydrology:

Agrometeorology enables:

• Providing support to agriculture, especially the agricultural production sector.
• Irrigation planning and management.
• Contribution to the fight against diseases and natural disasters (drought, frost, hail, forest fires, etc ... ...).

Hydrometeorology enables:

• Providing support in the various fields of hydrology.
• Providing basic data for hydraulic works (sanitation, dams, drainage, etc. ...).
• Developing precipitation statistics.